TRETINOIN

Overview

Tretinoin, also known as all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), is a naturally occurring derivative of vitamin A (retinol). Retinoids such as tretinoin are important regulators of cell reproduction, proliferation, and differentiation and are used to treat acne and photodamaged skin and to manage keratinization disorders such as ichthyosis and keratosis follicularis. Tretinoin also represents the class of anticancer drugs called differentiating agents and is used in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

Tretinoin binds to alpha, beta, and gamma retinoic acid receptors (RARs). RAR-alpha and RAR-beta have been associated with the development of acute promyelocytic leukemia and squamous cell cancers, respectively. RAR-gamma is associated with retinoid effects on mucocutaneous tissues and bone. Although the exact mechanism of action of tretinoin is unknown, current evidence suggests that the effectiveness of tretinoin in acne is due primarily to its ability to modify abnormal follicular keratinization.

Comedones form in follicles with an excess of keratinized epithelial cells. Tretinoin promotes detachment of cornified cells and the enhanced shedding of corneocytes from the follicle. By increasing the mitotic activity of follicular epithelia, tretinoin also increases the turnover rate of thin, loosely-adherent corneocytes. Through these actions, the comedo contents are extruded and the formation of the microcomedo, the precursor lesion of acne vulgaris, is reduced.

Tretinoin is not a cytolytic agent but instead induces cytodifferentiation and decreased proliferation of APL cells in culture and in vivo. When Tretinoin is given systemically to APL patients, tretinoin treatment produces an initial maturation of the primitive promyelocytes derived from the leukemic clone, followed by a repopulation of the bone marrow and peripheral blood by normal, polyclonal hematopoietic cells in patients achieving complete remission (CR). The exact mechanism of action of tretinoin in APL is unknown.





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Dosage

Note; dosage information is only for scientific reference purposes. SARMs Central, does not condone the human consumption or use of this substance outside of a controlled scientific environment (i.e. a lab).



Recommended dose: Apply a pea-sized amount to the entire affected area once a day at bedtime.

About Author

Calvin Ramos

Calvin Ramos is a dedicated research and fitness enthusiast with a passion for helping individuals achieve their health and wellness goals. With years of experience in the fitness industry and a deep commitment to staying up-to-date with the latest research and developments in the field, Calvin brings a wealth of knowledge and expertise to his articles. As a fitness coach and nutrition specialist, Calvin has helped countless clients transform their lives through personalized training programs and evidence-based dietary recommendations. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Exercise Science and Nutrition from University and is certified in personal training and sports nutrition. Calvin's writing reflects his commitment to providing accurate and trustworthy information to empower readers on their fitness journeys. He believes in the power of education and strives to make complex fitness concepts accessible to everyone. His articles are thoroughly researched, drawing on the latest scientific studies and expert insights. When he's not writing or coaching, you can find Calvin in the gym, experimenting with new workout routines, or exploring the latest advancements in fitness technology. His dedication to the field of fitness and wellness is evident in his articles, which aim to inspire and inform readers on their path to a healthier, happier life.

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